Most importantly, the project developed from a scoping review to a systematic review and the rating scheme for resilience factors was amended during the review and revision process. Additionally, we identify key knowledge gaps when studying resilience factors and mechanisms in the context of societal challenges. Is there a trend towards specific resilience factors and mechanisms being examined more often in the context of specific stressors?

Selection process

Many fail in leadership positions, despite outstanding individual performance. Longtime climate advocate Jane Fonda is using her influence to support the important role of mindfulness in practical and effective climate action. Acknowledging concerns about the strain placed on volunteers/voluntary services as they bolster governmental responses (Gilbert, 2020), we explored whether the well‐established positive outcomes of volunteering persisted during these extraordinary times. This literature has effectively demonstrated how shared experiences and common fate can lead to solidarity and coordinated community responses.

However, the interaction of these variables is complex and influential at multiple levels, creating an interplay of vulnerability and protective factors. Longitudinal outcome studies to document the sustainability of the effects of resilience interventions are very sparse. However, many studies focus on the associations and predictive relation of resilience to mental illness and wellness. (3) Community as a source of resilience—these interventions aimed at facilitating connectedness and building social capital at school, neighborhood, and with important adults.

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance

Chronic inflammation is increasingly recognized as a contributing factor to mental health disorders. Conversely, a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fermented foods can promote a healthy gut microbiome and support mental well-being. The gut microbiome plays a significant role in mental health through the gut-brain axis, a bidirectional communication system between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. Emerging research in nutritional psychology examines how dietary choices influence mental health. The interplay between physical health and psychological well-being is increasingly recognized as crucial for overall mental health.

Evidence for this report was gathered through interviews, focus groups and a selected literature review. However, some may argue that implementing such resources can be challenging. A diverse community helps members learn from one another’s experiences and promotes understanding. People from diverse backgrounds are included in inclusive communities.

Other classifications14 differentiate factors related to the built or natural environment, while all social processes fall into the category of social resilience factors. Other social resilience factors like family cohesion, social connectedness, or social participation have rarely been examined in resilience research. However, a major short-coming of research into individual resilience factors is the missing conceptual clarity17,47,48 with substantial empirical and conceptual overlaps of different factors (e.g., self-efficacy and locus of control, meaning in life and spirituality)49. Consequently, previous qualitative reviews on resilience factors17,19,45,46 comprised a large number of potentially resilience-promoting traits and beliefs.

• Being selective about what you take on — and saying “no” to things that will unnecessarily add to your load — can reduce your stress levels.
• Individuals with a family history of mental disorders are at a higher risk of developing similar conditions.
• Lastly, youth mental health has emerged as a growing concern, with a surge in mental health issues among adolescents, largely due to social media, academic pressures, and the broader impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
• Papers then were full text reviewed by CH to ensure each paper met the required eligibility criteria, if unsure about a paper it was also full text reviewed by DW.
• However, there was a trend towards a focus on living situations during pandemics, while facets of social support were often studied in the context of terrorist attacks and natural disasters.

Following this, it can be said that individuals can have different levels of resilience in variouis domains and phases of their lives and that contributing factors of resilience may change depending on the context (Kim-Cohen & Turkewitz, 2012). Modern conceptualizations further argue that resilience is dynamic, unfolding over the course of time, and multisystemic, occurring at multiple and interacting https://www.cdcfoundation.org/howrightnow socio-ecological levels from individuals to families, communities and societies2. Furthermore, individuals with lower levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) 6 months after the tornado reported higher levels of resilience. In part I we briefly describe the latest scientific insights regarding resilience and in part II we present a selected review of recent studies on resilience and mental health outcomes.